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Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo
Mission San Carlos Borromeo del río Carmelo, also known as the Carmel Mission or Mission Carmel, is a Roman Catholic mission church in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. It is on the National Register of Historic Places and a U.S. National Historic Landmark. The mission was the headquarters of the Alta California missions headed by Saint Junípero Serra from 1770 until his death in 1784. It was also the seat of the second ''presidente'', Father Fermin Francisco de Lasuen. 〔The priests forcibly conscripted the native Costonoan Indian populations and commingled many disparate tribes including the Esselen, requiring them to work as laborers, herders, farmers, and other trades, and baptized them. Many died as a result of exposure to European disease and starvation.〕
The mission buildings and lands were securalized by the Mexican government in 1833, and had fallen into disrepair by the mid-19th century. There were partially restored beginning in 1884. In 1886 it was transferred from the Franciscans to the local diocese and has continued as a parish church since then. It is the only one of the California Missions to have its original bell tower dome.
== History ==
Mission Carmel is the second mission built by Franciscan missionaries in Upper California. It was first established as Mission San Carlos Borromeo in Monterey, California near the native village of ''Tamo'' on June 3, 1770. It was named for Carlo Borromeo, Archbishop of Milan, Italy. It was the site of the first Christian confirmation in Alta California.〔 When the mission moved, the original building continued to operate as the Royal Presidio chapel and later became the current Cathedral of San Carlos Borromeo.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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